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WHICH TRAITS OF SPECIES PREDICT POPULATION DECLINES IN EXPERIMENTAL FOREST FRAGMENTS?
Abstract
Theory suggests that species with particular traits are at greater risk of extinction than others. We assumed that a decline in abundance in forest fragments, compared to continuous forest, equated to an increase in extinction risk. We then tested the relationships between five traits of species and decline in abundance for 69 beetle species in an experimentally fragmented forest landscape at Mt. Wog Wog in southeastern Australia. The experiment was controlled and replicated. Monitoring ran for two years before forest fragmentation; in this paper, we examine data for five years postfragmentation. We tested five hypotheses: (1) Species that occur naturally at low abundance are more likely to decline as a result of fragmentation than are abundant species. (2) Isolated species are more likely to decline than species that are not isolated. (3) Large species are more likely to decline than small species. (4) Species in trophic groups at the top end of food chains are more likely to decline than species in trophic groups lower in the food chain. (5) Because traits are often shared by related species, populations of more closely related species will respond in the same way. We found that: (1) rare species were more likely to decline than abundant species; (2) isolated species were more likely to decline than species that were not isolated; (3) body size was not correlated with response to fragmentation; (4) among species that declined, predators declined most; and (5) taxonomically related species did not respond in the same way to fragmentation. Thus, our results confirm theories predicting that isolated, rare, or predaceous species will be lost first from fragmented landscapes.
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If optimal hosts are uncommon, they are more likely to be present in species-rich communities than species-poor communities.
“If optimal hosts are uncommon, they are more likely to be present in species-rich communities than species-poor communities (Davies et al. 2000)”
From Avian host community structure and prevalence of West Nile virus in Chicago, Illinois (2009) · cites this paper as Davies et al. 2000
The simple theoretical prediction that fragmentation reduces species richness is being modified to account for species identity through models that focus on how species vary in their traits.
“Increasingly, the simple theoretical prediction that fragmentation reduces species richness is being modified to account for species identity through models that focus on how species vary in their traits (4, 21, 36, 48, 57, 58).”
From Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
More realistic predictions of community responses to fragmentation emerged after explicit consideration of species traits such as rarity and trophic levels, dispersal mode, reproductive mode and life span, diet, and movement behavior.
“More realistic predictions of community responses to fragmentation emerged after explicit consideration of species traits such as rarity and trophic levels (48, 49), dispersal mode (50–52), reproductive mode and life span (29, 53), diet (54), and movement behavior (55, 56).”
From Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Davies, K. F., Margules, C. R., & Lawrence, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
- Venue
- Ecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1450-1461
- ISSN
- 0012-9658 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2080040160
- Cited by
- 444
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 20.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ecology (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian National University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant and animal studies
- Keywords
- forest fragmentation, population decline (ecology), extinction risk, species traits, beetle abundance, rare species, body size, trophic position, predators, phylogenetic relatedness
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